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Lake Pavin is a French lake of volcanic origin located in the Monts Dore in the Massif Central , near the town of Besse- et-Saint- Anastaise commonly called Besse -en- Chandesse in the department of Puy -de -Dôme in the Auvergne region .
Located at an altitude of 1197 mètresnotes 1, the lake was formed by phreato - magmatism , ie it is a maar . Almost perfectly circular with a diameter of 700 to 800 meters and an area of ​​44 hectares shape, it has a depth of 92 meters , making it the deepest Auvergne1 visited by about 200,000 people per year2 . Couze Pavin River which passes 300 meters from the lake is only partially supplied by the latter.

It is of very recent origin unlike the Monts Dore massif . It seems it was formed after the period of volcanic activity which created the Puys or there about 6900 years , making it the youngest volcanic edifice of France métropolitaine3 . It is not related to the Chaîne des Puys . The explosion that formed was very violent ( phreato - magmatism ) : traces of this event have been found previously in the sediments of Lake Geneva and other Swiss lakes , and its volume of water is estimated at 75 m34 million .

On a clear day , the blue sky reflecting in the water , its color is almost midnight blue . By cons , for stormy weather , deep water appear very dark , which has probably earned its name Pavin (Latin pavens , terrible ) 2.

The oxygenated waters of Lake Pavin home zooplankton and fish including Arctic char found in the deep water (30 to 70 meters ) 5. The deep waters have a density of over 10 million bacteria per ml of water ( density ten times higher than standards lakes ) , methanogenic archaea including (that is to say producing methane ) , as well as other consumers of the same gas species, some Archaea would reach oxidize a portion of the methane to consommer6 they produce .
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